If enough -1/-1 counters are put on Hei Bai at the same time to make his toughness 0 or less, his last ability will see all of the +1/+1 counters he had when he left the battlefield as well as the -1/-1 counters he had, and an equal number of each of those types of counters (plus any other applicable counters) will be put onto the target creature.